New colouration process



United States atoms 2,928,711 NEW COLOURATION PROCESS Ronald Leonard Denyer and Harry Rose Hadiield, Manchester, England, assignors to Imperial Chemical Industries Limited, London, England, a corporation of Great Britain Application Novetnber ltl, 1957 Serial No. 696,926

Claims priority, application Great Britain November 21, 1956 13 Claims. (Cl. 8-29) This invention relates to a new colouration process and more particularly it relates to a process for the colouration of cellulosic textile materials such as cotton, linen or viscose rayon in shades having extremely good fastness to washing. 7

According to the invention there is provided a process for the colouration of cellulosic textile materials which comprises applying to the material an alkali, a watersoluble heterocyclic compound containing two --N=C- (halogen)-groups and a dyestulf containing at least one reactive amino group as herein defined and in-a subsequent step heating or steaming the textile material.

Suitable alkalis include, for example, sodium. bi carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium borate, sodium metasilicate, sodium hydroxide, and trisodium phosphate.

Suitable heterocyclic compounds include, for-example, 2z3-dichloroquinoxaline-6-carboxylic acid and more particularly the compounds obtained by condensation of a 2:4:6-tri-halogenopyrimidine or a cyanun'c halide, especially cyanuric chloride with an equimolecular proportion of an amine, hydroxy or mercapto compound containing one or more solubilising groups. Thus there may be used the primary condensation products of cyanuric chloride and such amines as l-naphthylamine-S- and -7- sulphonic acids, 2-naphthylamine-6- and -7-sulphonic acids, Z-methylaminonaphthalene-6-sulphonic acid, benzidine disulphonic acid, p-aminophenyl-beta-hydroxy ethyl ether sulphuric ester, 2-naphthylamine-1:6-, -4:8-, -5:7- and -6:8-disulphon ic acids, 1-naphthylamine-4z6:8-trisulphonic acid, sulphanilic acid, 3-arnino-5-sulpho-2-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-phenylene diamine sulphonic acid, orthanilic acid, metanilic acid, m-phenylene diamine-4- sulphonic acid, aminomethane phosphoric acid, m-aminophenyl trimethylammonium bromide,-p-aminobenzoic acid, taurine, N-methyltaurine, N-phenylglycine, 4:4'-diaminostilbene-2:2'-disulphonic acid, and 2-amino-8-naphthol-6- sulphonic acids. There may also be used the primary No Drawing.

condensation products of cyanuric chloride and hydroxy and mercapto compounds such as 2-thionaphthol-6-sulphonic acid.

However the heterocyclic compounds are not limited in use to the colourless compounds obtained from the starting materials just mentioned. There may also be used a coloured heterocyclic compound containing two groups of the type N=C(halogen) thereby obtainingheavy secondary or tertiary shades having good fastness to washing. Such shades cannot at present be easily obtained with dyestuffs at present commercially available which either contain an amino group or one ormore groups of the type '--N=C(halogen). The particular shades of dyestutf and coloured heterocyclic compound used should be chosen in accordance with the commonly accepted methods of mixing dyestuffs having primary or secondary shades in order to obtain secondary or tertiary shades.

Suitable coloured heterocyclic compounds for exam- I ple of the azo, anthraquinone, nitro andphthalocyanine series are described in British specifications Nos. 772,030, 774,925, 781,930, 785,120 and 785,222 and in Belgian I 2 V specifications Nos. 552,910, 556,092, 557,162 and 558,390.

A reactive amino group for the purpose of this invention is one inwhich there is present a hydrogen atom which may be readily replaced by treating the dyestuf f with one molecular proportion of cyanuric chloride at 20 C. in aqueous medium.

Suitable dyestuffs for use in the process include, for example, p-am-inophenylazo-salicylic acid, l:8-dihydroxy- 4:S-diaminoanthraquinbne-Z:7-disu1phonic acid, the 2:3- chromium complex of 3:S-dinitro-Z':4-diamino-2-hydroXyazobenzene-S-sulphonic acid, Naphthalene Dark Green A (Colour Index No. 20,495), Duranol Brilliant Blue CB (Colour Index No. 64,500), Solochrome Brown EB (Colour Index No. 20,110), Solochrome Yellow 2GN (Colour Index No. 14,045), Chlorazol Black BH (Colour Index No. 22,590), Chlorazol Brown MP (Colour Index No. 22,311), Ultralan Orange R (Colour Index No. 18,870) and Chlorazol Sky Blue FF (Colour Index No. 24,410). The Colour Index Numbers are those given in the second edition of the Colour Index published jointly in 1957 by the Society of Dyers and Colourists and the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists.

It is preferred, especially when the textile material is.

material, the dyestuff, especially if its is a dyestuif having Y poor atfinity for cellulosic materials such as a disperse or an acid dyestuif, may be applied by padding thetextile material in an aqueous solution or suspension of the dyestutl. Dyestuffs having good affinity for cellulosic materials, that is to say, direct dyestuffs, may be applied by the commonly-used methods for dyeing and printing cellulosic materials with such dyestuffs.

In one particularly valuable method of carrying out the new colouration process by a textile printing technique, the heterocyclic compound, dyestutf and alkali preferably sodium bicarbonate, are all'included in the one printing paste which may be'applied to the textile material by any of the commonly-used methods such as roller, block or screen, and the printed material is then dried and steamed.

When any step in the colouration process being a padding or a printing step,'has been carried out, it is preferred in general to dry the textile material, preferably at a' temperature below 100 C. before carrying out the next step.

The treatment of the textile material with the heterocyclic compound may be carried out prior to, simultaneously with, or after the treatment with the dyestufi.

The alkali is preferably applied simultaneously. with the bonate, caustic soda and sodium metasilicate may be' used with equal effect.

The amount of alkali used can vary over a Widerange, usually there is used between 0.1% and 5% by weight of the medium in whichit is applied, and preferably between 1% and 2% by weight of-the medium.

The solutions, suspensions and printing pastescontain- V ing alkali, dyestutl and/or heterocyclic compound may also contain the adjuvants commonly used in'dyeing and padding solutions and'suspensions and textile printing pastes.

Such adjuvants include, for example, migration inhibitors such as ethers of cellulose, sodium chloride and sodium sulphate, wetting agents such as poly-ethylene oxide condensates of alcohols, sulphonated fatty alcohols and sulphonated oils, solution aids such as urea and thiodi glycol and thickening agents such as gum arabic,"starch, gum tragacanth and preferably sodium alginate.

The duration of the steaming or heating step may vary over a wide range of times according to the circum stances. In general steaming is carried out at a temperature between 100 C. and 130 C. for a period of time between 3 minutes and 1 hour or longer, preferably for between 5 and minutes. A heating step maybe carried out between 100 C. and 150 C. for 3 minutes to 30 minutes or longer, preferably for about 5 minutes at 150 C.

When the dyestuif or heterocyclic compound used in the process contains a metal-complex-forming system, such as a o-hydroxy carboxylic acid or a o:o-dihydroxyazobenzene grouping, the new process may advantageously incorporate a treatment with a metal-yielding agent such as copper sulphate, cobalt sulphate, .nickel sulphate, ferrous sulphate or chromium acetate, in order to improve the fastness to light of theresultant colourations.

The textile materials coloured by the new process corresponding to copending British application No.

15,329/55 that cellulosic textile materials may be mordanted for basic dyestufis and dyestuffs containing isothiouronium salt groups by treatment undcralkaline conditions with a water-soluble non-dyestuff compound containing a halogeno-s-triazinylamino group. The process of the present invention differs in that the dyestuffs used in the new process contain an amino group which has at least one hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen, .and the resultant colourations have improved fastness to washing than those obtained in the knownprocess'.

It has previously been proposed to improve the fast aqueous emulsion of a solution of cyanuric chloride or 2:4:6-trichloroquinazoline in benzene and carbon tetrachloride.

' The previously described processes however are difiicult to apply in practice because of the toxic hazard involved in the use of these organic solvents. Furthermore also obtained by the method of Example 1 by adding the fastness to wet' treatment of textile materials so treated is usually uneven. The present process has the advantage that the toxic hazard is avoided and also that'the improvement in fast,- ness to wet treatments is uniform.

The invention is illustrated but not limited by the following examples in which parts are by weight:

Example 1 100' parts of bleached plain weave cotton fabric are padded with an aqueous solution containing 2% of S010- chrome Yellow 2GNS, 2% of 6-(4':6'-dichlorotriazinylaminp) naphthalene-Z-sulphonic acid 'and2% of sodium specification No. 543,214.

. 4 bicarbonate, and the fabric is then squeezed between rollers until its weight is 200 parts.

The fabric is then steamed at 102 C. for 5 minutes, rinsed in water, scoured in a boiling solution consisting of 3 parts of a detergent mixture, consisting of alkyl phenols condensed with ethylene oxide and sulphated fatty alcohol, in 1000 parts of water rinsed again .in water and dried.

The cotton is dyed a; yellow shade which is very fast to washing. r

Example 2 If the fabric dyed as described in Example 1 is treated in a 1% solution of copper sulphate for 20 minutes at C., and then rinsed in water and dried, the fastness to light is improved.

' Example 3 Example 4 If the. Solochrome Yellow 2GNS used in Examplel is replaced by an equal weight of Solochrome Brown EBS a yellowish-brown dyeing is obtained having ex cellent fastness to washing. 3 If treated with copper sulphate as described in Example 2, this dyeing turns redder in shade, and the lightfastness is improved. The reddish-brown shademay be 1 of copper sulphate to the padding liquor.

' A Example 5 If the 6-(4':G'dichloro-s-triazinylamino)naphthalene 2-sulphonic acid used in Example 1 is replaced by an equal weight of the dyestuff obtained as described in Example 1 of Belgian specification No. 543,214, a bright red dyeing is obtained having excellent fastness to washing. p i 1 ,By also adding 0.2% of copper sulphate or5% of 32'{ 'Tw. chromium acetate solutionof the padding solution, a dull red dyeing is obtained which has improved fastness to light. 7 l v Example 6 T If the Solochrome Yellow 2GNS used in Example 1 is' replaced by an equal weight of Naphthalene Dark Green A 150 powder a green dyeing is obtained very fast to wet treatments. 1 -A navy blue dyeing is obtained by the method of Example 1 if Naphthalene Dark Green A is used in place of the Solochrome Yellow 2GNS and the 'compound of Example 1 of Belgian specification No. 543,214 is used in place of the dichlorotriazinylaminonaphthalene sulphonic acid. A 'pale blue dyeing is obtained by the method of Example 1 if Duranol Brilliant Blue CB is used in place of the Solochrome Yellow 2GNS and a purpleshade if also the dichlorotriazinylamino-naphthalene sulphonic acid is replaced by the compound of Examplel of Belgian An orange dyeing is obtained if Ultralan Orange R8 is used in place of the'Solochrome Yellow ZGNS.

. All these dyeings are very fast to washing.

Example 7 a parts of bleached plain weave cotton fabric are padded with a 2% aqueous solution of 6-(4:6-dichloro'- triazinylamino)naphthalene-Z-sulphonic acid, squeezed between rollers until the weight of thefabric is 200 parts and dried at 40 C. The dried fabric is'then padded with an aqueous solutionor suspension containing 2% of one of the dyestufis tabulated-below, 2% of sodium lbicarbo hate, and, where indicated in the table, 0.2% of copper sulphate crystals or 5% of a 32 Tw'; Solution of chromium acetate, and squeezed until its weight is 200 parts and steamed for 5 minutes at 102 C. The fabric is then rinsed and scoured as described in Example 1 and dried; The coloured effects produced are shown in the table 100 parts of cotton fabric are padded with a 2% aqueous solution of the dyestuff obtained as described in Example 1 of Belgian specification No. 543,214, and is then dried at 40 C.

The dried cloth is then padded with an aqueous solution containing 2% of one of the dyestuffs tabulated below, 2% of sodium bicarbonate and, Where indicated in the table, 0.2% of copper sulphate crystals or 5% of a 32 TW. solution of chromium acetate solution. The cloth is then squeezed between rollers untilits weight is 200 parts, and steamed'for 5 minutes at 102 C. The cloth is then rinsed and scoured as described in Example 1 and dried. The coloured effects produced are shown in the table. cellent fastness to washing.

Example 9 A printing paste is made up by dissolving 2 parts of l 8-dihydroxy-4 S-diarInnQanthraquinone-Z fi-disulphonic acid and parts of urea in 20 parts of water, adding this solution to 35 parts of 5% sodium alginate solution, adding a solution of 1 part of 6-(4:6-dichlorotriazinylamino)naphthalene-2-sulphonic acid in 31 pants of water, and then adding 1 part of sodium bicarbonate.

The printing paste is applied to mercerised cotton sateen by screen printing and the fabric is dried, steamed for 10 minutes then rinsed and scoured as described in Example l.

A blue print is obtained very fast to Washing.

Example 10 p A printing paste is made up as described in Example 9 In every case the dyed fabricpossessed ex- 6 the solution to 35 parts of 5% aqueous sodium alginate solution, then adding a solution of 1 part of 2 -(4':6-dichloro-s-triazinylamino)naphthalene-7-sulphonic acid in 25 parts of water, and finally adding 1 part of'sodium bicarbonate. A black print is obtained by the method of Example 9 using a printing paste .made up by dissolving 4 parts of Naphthalene Dark Green A 200 and-15 parts of urea in 20 parts of water, adding the solution to 35 parts of 5%' aqueous sodium alginate solution, then adding a solution of 2.5 parts of the dyestutf described in. Example 3 of Belgian specification No. 543,214, 0.5 part of the dyestuff described in Examplel of Belgian specification No. 543,215 and 3 parts of'urea in 21 partsof water and finally adding 1 part of sodium bicarbonate.-'

An orange print is obtained by the method of Example 9 using a printing paste made up as described in Example 9 butusing 2 parts of Ultralan Orange RS in place of the dihydroxy-4 :5 diaminoanthraquinone 2:7 disulphoni'c acid.

Example 11 ,water, scoured in boiling detergent solution for 10 min;

utes and dried.

A dark green print very fast to washing-is obtained: 7

Example 12 A printing paste is made up by adding a solution of 15 parts ofurea and 2 parts of Solochrome Brown BBS in 20 parts of Water to 35 parts of an 18% solution of a cellulose methyl ether thickening agent, then there are added in succession a solution of 1 part of 2-(4':6'-dichloro-s-triazinylarnino) naphthalene-G-sulphonic acid in 22 parts of water, 1 part of sodium bicarbonate and finally 4 parts of an aqueous solution of chromium acetate of specific gravity 1.16.

The printing paste is applied to cotton by roller, and the cotton is dried, steamed for 10 minutes, rinsed an scoured as described in Example 1 and dried:

A brown print very fast to washing is obtained','the shadebeing duller than in a print obtained from a-printing paste made up as described above, butomitting the I Example 13 A printing paste is madeup by adding a solution 0f'15 parts of urea and 2 parts of Solochrome Yellow 2GNS in 22 parts of water to 35 parts of a 18% aqueous solution of a methyl cellulose thickening agent then there are added in succession 25 parts of a 4% aqueous solubut using 2:5-bis-(4:6 dichloro-s-triazinylamino)ben-' zene sulphonic acid in place of the 6-(4':6'-dichloro-s-triazinylamino)naphthalene-Z-sulphonic acid. The paste is printed on cotton fabric and the fabric is dried, steamed, rinsed and scoured as described in Example 9. A blue print, very fast to washing, is obtained. I

'A bottle green print, very fast to Washing is obtained by the method of Example 9 using a printing paste made up by dissolving 3 parts of-Naphthalene Dark Green A 200 and 15 parts of 'urea'in 20 parts of water, adding 7.

tion of 6 (4":6 dichlorotriazinylamino) naphthalene zsulphonic acid and then 1 part of sodium bicarbonate.

The printing paste is applied to cotton fabric byroller,

cold water. The fabric is then treated for '10 minutes at C. in an aqueous solution containing 0.2% of so dium bichromate and 0.2% of acetic acid. The fabric is rinsed and dried. A yellow shade is obtained, redder than the shade of printed fabric which had not been treated in the acidified sodium bichromate solution.

If the after-treatment is carried out using a bath containing 0.2% of copper sulphate in place of the sodi In bichrornate, a greener shade is obtained. I

t y H Example 14 I viscose rayon fabric is padded in an aqueous solution containing 1%" of 6-(4':6-dichlorotriazinylamino)naphthalene-2-sulphonic acid and 0.5% of sodium alginate andis then dried.

The padded fabric is then printed with an aqueous printing paste containing 2% of 1:8-dihydroxy-4z5-diaminoanthraquinone-Z:7-disulphonic acid, 10% of urea, 1.75% of sodium alginate and 1% of sodium bicarbonate.

The fabric is dried, then steamed for 10 minutes and rinsed, scoured, rinsed and dried as described in Example 1. --A blue print is obtained, fast to washing.

A navy blue print on a white background is obtained if the above Example the padding solution contains 2% of the dyestufi describedin Example 3 of Belgian specifi- 'cation No; 543,214 and 0.5% of sodium alginate, and theprinting paste contains 2% of NaphthaleneDark Green A 200 in place of the 1:8-dihydroxy4:5rdiaminoanthraquinone-2:7-disulphonic acid.

Example Cotton fabric is padded in an aqueous solution containing 2% of Example 3 'of Belgian specification No. 543,214and 0.5% of sodium alginate and dried.

The fabric is then printed with an aqueous printing paste containing 2% of Naphthalene Dark Green A200,- -10% of urea and 1.75 of sodium alginate and dried.

' The fabric is then overprinted with a printing paste containing 2% of sodium bicarbonate and 1.75% of sodium alginate, thendried, steamed for 10 minutes and rinsed, scoured and'rinsed as. decsribed in Example -1 and dried.

The print obtained has a navy blue design .where both printing pastes were applied, a red design where only the second printing paste was applied and a white background where the second printing paste was not applied.

Example 16 A length of plain weave cotton fabric is dyed toa 1% shade with Chlorazol Black BH in a jig machine by the methods commonly used with direct dyestuffs and then dried. The dyed fabric is then padded to'100% expression with a solution containing 10 parts of sodium bicarbonate, parts of 6 (4'z6 dichlorotriazinylamino)- naphthalene-Z-sulphonic acid, and 2 parts of wetting agent in each 1000 parts, dried at 70 C. and steamed for 5 minutes at 102 C. The fabric is then washed, 'soaped with boiling detergent solution, rinsed and dried.

The fabric is thus dyed to a dull blue shade possessing excellent fastness to washing. 7

Example 17 If inExample 16 the Chlorazol Black BH is replaced by an equal quantity of Chlorazol Sky Blue FF, the fabric is dyed to a blue shade possessing excellent fastness to washing.

Example 18 A solution is' prepared containing, in'96 parts of water, 3 parts of sodium hydroxide and 1 part of 6-(4':6'-dichloro s triazinylamino)naphthalene-Z-sulphonic acid. 100 parts of cotton fabric, which has been dyed with a 2% shade of Chlorazol Black BH is impregnated with the above solution, squeezed to give a total weight of 200 parts and dried for 5 minutes at 70 C. The treated fabric is rinsed well untilthe wash-water is neutral and then dried. J The dyed fabric thus treated has better washfastness than asample of the dyed fabric which has not been so treated. e

Example19 A solution isprepared containing, in 95 parts of water, 4 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 1 part of 6 (4':6' dichlords triazinylaminomaphthalene 2 sulphonic acid. 100 parts of cotton fabric which has been dyed with a 2%1shade offChlorazol Viscose Black BS (Colour in, dex No'. 35255) is impregnated with theflabove solution, squeezed to give a total weight 'of 200 parts and then heated at 120 C. for 5 minutes. The treated fabric is rinsed well until the wash-water is neutral and then dried.

The dyed fabric so treated has better washfastness than a sample of the dyed fabric which has not been so treated. There follows a list of compounds which may be used in place of the colourless water-soluble heterocyclic com= pounds used in the above examples:

1 (2':4' dichloro s triazinylamino) naphthalene 7 sulphonic acid, 1 (2':4' dichloro s triazinylamino) naphthalene 5 sulphonic acid, a 2 (2':4' dichloro striaz'inylamino)naphthalene 7 sulphonic acid,

2 (2':4' dichloro s triaZinyDmethyIaminQnaphtha:

lene 6 sulphonic acid,

4 amino 4 (2":4" dichloro s triazinylamino) diphenyl disulphonic acid,

2 (2':4' dichloro s triazinylamino)ethane sulphonic acid,

2 (N 2':4 dichloro s triazinyl N methyl)aminoethane sulphonic acid,

- 4:4 bis(2":4" dichloro s triazinylamino) diphenyl disulphonic acid,

4 (2':4' dichloro s triazinylamino)phenoxy beta 4 ethyl sodium sulphate,

2 (2':4' dichloro s triazinylamino)naphthalene 6:8 disulphonic acid, V

1 (2':4' dichloro s triazinylamino)naphthalene 4:6:8 tri sulphonic acid,

4 (2':4' dichloro s -triazinylamino)benzene sul phonic acid,

'3 (2':4' dichloro s triazinylamino) 2 hydroxy 5 sulphobenzoic acid,

a 3 (2':4' dichloro s triazinylamino)benzene sulphonic acid,

2:4 bis(2':4' dichloro s triazinylamino)benzene sulphonic acid,

2 (2':4' dichloro s triazinylamino)naphthalcne 4:8 disulphonic acid,

2 (2':4' dichloro s triazinylamino)naphthalene 1:6 disulphonic acid,

2 (2':4' dichloro s triazinylamino)naphthalene 5:7 disulphonic acid,

2'54 dichloros triazinylamino methane phosphonic acid, 2:3 dichloro quinoxaline 6 carboxylic acid.

a subsequent step, subjecting the treated material to an elevated temperature of from to C.

2. Process as claimed in claim 1 characterised in that said alkali, heterocyclic compound and dyestutf are applied by padding the textile material in a single aqueous solution containing the alkali, heterocyclic compound and dyestuff.

' 3. Process as claimed in claim 1 characterised in that said textile material is first dyed and the dyed textile material is thereafter treated with an aqueous solution of said heterocyclic compound and alkali.

4. Process as claimed'in claim 1 whereinsaid alkali used is a mild alkali. V I

, 5. Process as claimed in claim 1 characterised in that the'dyest'uffused contains a' metal-complex forming aye 9 tem and the process incorporates a treatment with a metal-yielding agent.

6. Process as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the subsequent heating step is carried out at between 100 C. and 150 C. for a period requiring 3 minutes to 30 minutes.

7. Process as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the subsequent steaming step is carried out at between 100 "C. and 130 C. for a required period of time between 3 minutes and 1 hour.

8. Process as claimed in claim 1 characterised in that said textile material is padded in an aqueous solution of the heterocyclic compound and dried, and the dried textile material is then treated with said dyestutf and said alkali.

9. Process as claimed in claim 8 characterised in that the treatment with the dyestuif and the alkali is carried out by padding the textile material in an aqueous solution containing said dyestufi and said alkali. V

10. Process as claimed in claim 8 characterised in that the treatment with the dyestufi and the alkali is carried 10 I out by printing the textile material with a printing paste containing the dyestuff and the alkali.

11. The process of claim 10, wherein said printing paste contains sodium alginate as a thickening agent.

12. Process as claimed in claim 1 characterised in that said alkali, heterocyclic compound and dyestufi are applied by printing the textile material with a single printing paste containing said alkali, heterocyclic compound and dyestulf. I

13. Process as claimed in claim 12 characterised in that the print-ing paste contains sodium alginate as thickening agent.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,835,663 Bentz May 20, 1958 FOREIGN PATENTS 209,723 Great Britain Mar. 23, 1925 342,162 Great Britain Jan. 29, 1931 

1. PROCESS FOR THE COLORATION OF CELLULOSE TEXTILE MATERIAL WHICH COMPRISES APPLYING TO SAID MATERIAL AN AQUEOUS MEDIUM WHICH CONTAINS (1) A DYESTUFF WHICH CONTAINS AN AMINO GROUP-HYDROGEN ATOM WHICH MAY BE READILY REPLACED BY TREATMENT WITH CYANURIC CHLORIDE IN AQUEOUS MEDIUM AT 20*C., (2) A WATER-SOLUBLE HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUND CONTAINING TWO -N=C(HALOGEN) GROUPS, AND (3) UP TO 5% BY WEIGHT OF AN ALKALI AND IN A SUBSEQUENT STEP, SUBJECTING THE TREATED MATERIAL TO AN ELEVATED TEMPERATURE OF FROM 100 TO 150*C. 